Kiln for drying brick



'2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) I

J. R. KEMP.

KILN FOR DRYING BRICK, EARTHENWARE, 8w.

Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

N. PETERS. Phnkrlilhognphen Wnhinghm. D. C.

' U ITED STATES PATENT I OFFICE.

JJRITFER KEMP, or YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

KIL'N F OR DRYING BRICK, EARTHENWARE, 8L6.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,193, dated November 9. 1886.

Application filed September 14, 1885. Serial No. li7,'005. (X model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. RITNER KEMP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Youngstown, in the county ofMahoning and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drying-Kilns, known as The Kemp Perfection Drying-Kiln, and Idohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in kilns for drying brick, earthenware, and other material.

The object of my invention is to provide a kiln which will rapidly and effectually dry the material placed therein.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view .on the line 1 3 Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View on the line as x of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the kiln. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional View of the tunnel or arch intowhich the cars are run with their loads of material to be dried.

A indicates the walls of the kiln, which may be of any desired thickness, the foundations of which are placed below the front line, said kiln being divided lengthwise into two or more chambers or tunnels, a a,into which the loaded cars 9 are run, said arches being provided with suitable tracks for that purpose.

D is a'furnace, of any suitable construction, located near one end of the arches or tunnels, as shown in Fig. 2, the combustion-chamber of said furnace being arranged to communicate with the dues or ducts F, located in the bottoms of the tunnels a w. The sides of the dues F are built up of brick-work or masonry of any suitable thickness, but strong enough to hold the weight of the cars with their loads,

while the tops of the fines or ducts F are covered with heavy sheet-iron plates f f, which radiate the heat coming from the furnace into the tunnels without bringing the wares in contact with the smoke and products of combustion, and by which means the brick or earthenware or other material is not injured by the direct action of the flame and smoke.

or upper portion, so that fresh air partially The walls'A of the tunnels or arches are built up some distance to give the desired height to the tunnels, said tunnels being covered with heavy sheet'i ron plates a, which retain and radiate the heat to a much greater extent than brick arches would. As before stated, the furnace D is located near one end, and to the side of the arches or tunnels, while the dues F lead directlyfrom the combustionchamber into the lines below the tunnels the required distance and thenturn at'a right angle and traverse the entire distance of the tunnels, thus carrying the products of combustion therethrough into the chamber 0, and from thence into the stack or chimney G. The tunnels or arches-are provided with doors a at each end,moving in suitable guides in the walls, and are raised and lowered by means of the. chains 1), which pass over the pulleys b, and to the ends of which chains the weights b are secured. Other sliding doors may be arranged at suitable distancesapart in the tunnel, which will limit the longitudinal flow of the moist air, and force it out through the take-up fiues 0 into the chimneys e,- or a suitable fan may be used, as shown in dotted lines in Fig.4, to accelerate the flow of the air-currents when the material to be acted upon will admit of more rapid drying, said air-currents being drawn or forced out through the flue J.

c" are flues, the lower ends of which open to the external air near the bottoms, of the tunnels, while the upper ends of said fiues communicate with the tunnels near the roof 8 heated can be admitted when desired, and these 5 lines or take-ups e 6 may beprovided with valves or dampers,-operated automatically or not, so that the temperature of the arches can be regulated.

The cars 9 are provided with shelves or palletsof open work, the lower ones being made of iron and the upper ones of wood, upon which the material to be dried is placed, care being taken to place the articles on the pallets 9 5 so' they will not touch each other, and thus make passages for theair to circulate through all parts of the shelves, and all around the articles to be dried.

The cars enter the tunnels at the end Ellsome Ice distance from the furnace, and are gradually heated as they are pushed forward one after the other until they reach a point over the flues leading from the furnace, so that the change of temperature is not violent; and when the cars have reached a point in front of the furnace they enter the cooling-space B, in which a current of cool air is admitted through registers in the doors, thus reducing the temperature of the articles and car, so that no violence will be done them by the sudden changes of temperature, as would be the case if the ears were taken directly out into the open air.

In the process of drying, the moisture leaves the material and gravitates toward the sidei and bottom of the tunnels, where it escapes through the flues e, and the hot dry air ascending up into the eenterof the tunnels has a tendency to force the moist air down and through the ducts or flues e.

What I claim is 1. A drying-kiln consisting of one or more tunnels or arches adapted to receive cars containing the material to be dried, a furnace located on the side of the arches, which communicates with flues moving the length of the arches, said flues being separated from the arch-chambers by means of asheet-metal floor, as set forth.

2. Akiln for drying brick and other material,

the heating-flues of which are located in the bottom of the arches or tunnels, said flues being separated from the tunnels by means of a floor of metal plates, whereby the heat is conducted or radiated to the articles to be dried without bringing said articles in contact with the fire and smoke, as set forth.

3. In a kiln for drying brick and other material, the furnace D, adapted to supply heat to two or more arches or tunnels, as described, said arches being provided with roofs and floors of metal plates, as set forth.

4. In kilns for drying brick and other material, the tunnels or arches of which are heated as described, said tunnels being provided with 45 flues leading from the bottom thereof to the external air, whereby the moist air is forced out of the tunnels, as set forth.

5. In a kiln for drying brick and other material, the tunnels or arches of which are heated as described, the walls of said tunnels being provided with fines which enter at the top thereof and open into the external air at or near the bottom, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my 55 signature in the presence of two witnesses.

J. RITNER KEMP.

Witnesses:

ALEXIS Corn, CHARLES S. FAY. 

